美國(guó)貿(mào)易代表羅伯特·萊特海澤關(guān)于「301條款行動(dòng)」的聲明

供即時(shí)發(fā)布

2018年7月10日

聯(lián)系方式：美國(guó)貿(mào)易代表辦公室 公共與媒體事務(wù)

media@ustr.eop.gov

美國(guó)貿(mào)易代表羅伯特·萊特海澤關(guān)于301條款行動(dòng)的聲明

華盛頓DC—今天，美國(guó)貿(mào)易代表羅伯特·萊特海澤就基于《1974年貿(mào)易法》第301條款采取的行動(dòng)發(fā)表了如下聲明：

“上周五，為應(yīng)對(duì)中國(guó)的不公平做法，美國(guó)開始對(duì)從中國(guó)進(jìn)口的價(jià)值約340億美元的商品征收25％的關(guān)稅。隨著法律程序的完成，這些關(guān)稅最終將涵蓋價(jià)值最高可達(dá)500億美元的中國(guó)進(jìn)口商品。關(guān)稅針對(duì)的是那些從中國(guó)的產(chǎn)業(yè)政策和強(qiáng)制技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓做法中受益的產(chǎn)品。

“中國(guó)隨即對(duì)美國(guó)予以報(bào)復(fù)，對(duì)美國(guó)向中國(guó)出口的340億美元商品征收關(guān)稅，并威脅另對(duì)160億美元的商品征收關(guān)稅。其行動(dòng)并無任何國(guó)際法律依據(jù)或正當(dāng)理由。

“由于中國(guó)采取了報(bào)復(fù)行動(dòng)且并未改變其做法，總統(tǒng)已下令美國(guó)貿(mào)易代表辦公室（USTR）啟動(dòng)程序，對(duì)另外2000億美元中國(guó)進(jìn)口商品征收10％的關(guān)稅。這是在301條款授權(quán)下的恰當(dāng)回應(yīng)，以便實(shí)現(xiàn)消除中國(guó)有害的產(chǎn)業(yè)政策。最終征收關(guān)稅之前，USTR將進(jìn)行透明、全面的公示和意見征詢程序— 一如我們之前的關(guān)稅措施。

“2017年8月14日，特朗普總統(tǒng)指示USTR啟動(dòng)301條款程序。多年以來，中國(guó)在知識(shí)財(cái)產(chǎn)和創(chuàng)新方面一直采取不講理的貿(mào)易做法。USTR進(jìn)行了為期八個(gè)月的徹底調(diào)查，包括公開聽證和意見征詢。在一份200頁長(zhǎng)的詳盡報(bào)告 中，USTR發(fā)現(xiàn)中國(guó)一直在采取導(dǎo)致知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)和技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)移、盜竊的產(chǎn)業(yè)政策，有損我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)和我們的工人與企業(yè)的未來。

“USTR的301條款報(bào)告發(fā)現(xiàn)，中國(guó)的政策和做法強(qiáng)迫美國(guó)的創(chuàng)新者轉(zhuǎn)移其技術(shù)和知識(shí)，以此為代價(jià)在中國(guó)開展經(jīng)營(yíng)。中國(guó)還利用非經(jīng)濟(jì)手段來獲得美國(guó)技術(shù)，如通過國(guó)有基金和公司來大肆收購美國(guó)公司，并在中國(guó)實(shí)行繁瑣的知識(shí)財(cái)產(chǎn)許可要求。USTR的報(bào)告還發(fā)現(xiàn)，中國(guó)政府對(duì)為了商業(yè)利益公然竊取美國(guó)技術(shù)的行為進(jìn)行資助。這些做法對(duì)于我們的知識(shí)財(cái)產(chǎn)和技術(shù)—即美國(guó)最重要的比較優(yōu)勢(shì)和我們經(jīng)濟(jì)的未來—而言，是個(gè)生存的威脅。

“一年多以來，特朗普政府一直耐心地敦促中國(guó)停止其不公平的做法，開放市場(chǎng)，進(jìn)行真正的市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。在中國(guó)應(yīng)做出何種具體改變方面，我們已經(jīng)非常明確而詳盡。遺憾的是，中國(guó)并未改變其行為—這種行為將美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的未來置于危險(xiǎn)境地。中國(guó)非但沒有著手解決我們的合理擔(dān)憂，反而已經(jīng)開始對(duì)美國(guó)產(chǎn)品施以報(bào)復(fù)。這種行動(dòng)沒有正當(dāng)理由。

“與以往一樣，美國(guó)愿意參與有可能解決我們關(guān)于中國(guó)不公平貿(mào)易做法的擔(dān)憂并使中國(guó)向美國(guó)商品和服務(wù)開放其市場(chǎng)的努力。同時(shí)，我們?nèi)詫⒈３志?，捍衛(wèi)我們的工人和企業(yè)在公平對(duì)等的基礎(chǔ)上競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的能力?！?br/>
公告和意見征詢期的擬議清單和程序見《聯(lián)邦紀(jì)事》公告，公告近幾天內(nèi)即會(huì)發(fā)布。 點(diǎn)擊這里 查看公告，包括擬議對(duì)2000億美元中國(guó)進(jìn)口商品征稅的清單。

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE                                                                           

July 10, 2018

Contact: USTR Public & Media Affairs

media@ustr.eop.gov

Statement By U.S. Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer on Section 301 Action

Washington, DC – U.S. Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer today released the following statement regarding action under Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974:

“On Friday, in response to unfair Chinese practices, the United States began imposing tariffs of 25 percent on approximately $34 billion worth of Chinese imports.  These tariffs will eventually cover up to $50 billion in Chinese imports as legal processes conclude.  The products targeted by the tariffs are those that benefit from China’s industrial policy and forced technology transfer practices.

“China has since retaliated against the United States by imposing tariffs on $34 billion in U.S. exports to China, and threatening tariffs on another $16 billion.  It did this without any international legal basis or justification.

“As a result of China’s retaliation and failure to change its practices, the President has ordered USTR to begin the process of imposing tariffs of 10 percent on an additional $200 billion of Chinese imports. This is an appropriate response under the authority of Section 301 to obtain the elimination of China’s harmful industrial policies. USTR will proceed with a transparent and comprehensive public notice and comment process prior to the imposition of final tariffs, as we have for previous tariffs.

“On August 14, 2017, President Trump instructed USTR to begin the Section 301 process.  For many years, China has pursued abusive trading practices with regard to intellectual property and innovation.  USTR conducted a thorough investigation over an 8-month period, including public hearings and submissions.  In a detailed 200-page report, USTR found that China has been engaging in industrial policy which has resulted in the transfer and theft of intellectual property and technology to the detriment of our economy and the future of our workers and businesses.

“USTR’s Section 301 report found that Chinese policies and practices force U.S. innovators to hand over their technology and know-how as the price of doing business in China.  China also uses non-economic means to obtain U.S. technology, such as using state-owned funds and companies to buy up American businesses and imposing burdensome intellectual property licensing requirements in China.  USTR’s report also found that the Chinese government sponsors the outright theft of U.S. technology for commercial benefit.  These practices are an existential threat to America’s most critical comparative advantage and the future of our economy: our intellectual property and technology.

“For over a year, the Trump Administration has patiently urged China to stop its unfair practices, open its market, and engage in true market competition.  We have been very clear and detailed regarding the specific changes China should undertake.  Unfortunately, China has not changed its behavior – behavior that puts the future of the U.S. economy at risk. Rather than address our legitimate concerns, China has begun to retaliate against U.S. products.  There is no justification for such action.

“As in the past, the United States is willing to engage in efforts that could lead to a resolution of our concerns about China’s unfair trade practices and to China opening its market to U.S. goods and services.  In the meantime, we will remain vigilant in defending the ability of our workers and businesses to compete on a fair and reciprocal basis.”

The proposed list and process for the public notice and comment period is set out in a Federal Register notice, which will be published within the next few days.  To view the notice, including the list of proposed tariffs on $200 billion of Chinese imports, click here.

來源：美國(guó)駐華大使館

編輯：IPRdaily趙珍          校對(duì)：IPRdaily縱橫君

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